maisdesign

It disable Post editor for Non Administrators and let you create posts only using Custom Fields (remember to configure them first!) 
It uses: if ( ! current_user_can( ‘install_plugins’ ) )
Actually there is no Admin Panel for this plugin if you would like to change minimum permission or role you’ll have to change it manually via FTP
<h3>Feature Request</h3>
Any feature request? Drop me a line: marco@maisdesign.it
This plugin is based on a conversation here: 
<a href="http://wordpress.stackexchange.com/questions/45113/how-to-disable-edit-post-and-allow-only-custom-field/45158#45158" rel="nofollow ugc">WordPress.Stackexchange</a>

Editor Remove

It disable default Post Editor and let users like Authors and Editors (not Admin) to write posts only using custom fields.

marapper

Manage custom fields using the insert shortcodes [custom name=”field-name” value=”field-value“] or HTML conditional comments <!–custom name=”field-name” value=”field-value“–> in text of post. It’s a hook for desktop blog clients, which don’t support customfields natively.
Простой хак Вордпресса, позволяющий управлять произвольными полями из любого внешнего клиента или при отправке через почту с помощью шорткодов [custom name=”имя-произвольного-поля” value=”значение“] или условных комментариев <!–custom name=”имя-произвольного-поля” value=”значение“–> прямо в тексте поста.

Custom Shortcodes

Manage custom fields using the insert shortcodes or HTML comment in text of post.

Editor Remove vs Custom Shortcodes