Arcath

Supplies filters
Orignal use case was WordPress themes that used images from facebook which in schools was blocked. By proxying the image through wp-camo images from Facebook will now load in school.

WP-Camo

Passes images through the WordPress site to prevent mixed content errors and bypass local filtering.

Samuel Parsons

If you’re running WordPress behind a proxy, chances are that the IP address of the user browsing your site won’t show up, instead WordPress will see the IP address of your proxy server. Proxy Real IP sets this straight by looking at the HTTP headers that the proxy sends.
Proxy Real IP looks in the following HTTP headers: 
X-FORWARDED-FOR, X-FORWARDED, FORWARDED-FOR, FORWARDED, X-REAL-IP
Proxy Real IP sets the user’s IP address to the first HTTP header defined that matches a simple regular expression of an IP address (123.123.123.123).
Proxy Real IP also sets the $_SERVER[‘HTTPS’] variable correctly when running behind a proxy so that WordPress can determine whether or not the proxy connection is over HTTPS. It looks to the HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO PHP server variable to determine this.

Proxy Real IP

Proxy Real IP is a simple plugin that sets user's IP addresses correctly when running WordPress behind a load balancer or other proxy.

WP-Camo vs Proxy Real IP